CalculatorAsphalt

Trench Calculator

Trench spoil volume for utilities, footings and drains by length, width, depth.

Quick answer: Trench volume = length × (width ÷ 12) × depth ÷ 27 cu yd. An 18 in wide, 3 ft deep utility trench produces one cubic yard every 6 linear feet — plus 25% swell when hauled.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter Length in ft.
  2. Enter Width in in — or tap a preset badge to auto-fill a typical value.
  3. Enter Depth in ft.
  4. Press Calculate. The highlighted row is your order quantity; the note beneath it translates the number into real-world terms.

Formula & constants

Trench volume = length × (width ÷ 12) × depth ÷ 27 cu yd. An 18 in wide, 3 ft deep utility trench produces one cubic yard every 6 linear feet — plus 25% swell when hauled. Every default in the fields above is editable — when your supplier’s spec sheet lists a different density, coverage rate or price, enter that number instead. The waste and compaction allowances follow common trade practice; see our methodology page for the derivation of each formula and the standards it references.

Worked example. With length = 10 ft, width = 18 in, depth = 3 ft, the calculator returns:
Spoil volume1.7 cu yd
Loose (×1.25)2.1 cu yd

Where this fits in the project

Earthwork precedes everything: dig volumes set the budget for hauling and determine imported fill or base gravel. Bank volume expands when dug (swell) and imported fill shrinks when compacted — use the truckload calculator on loose volume, not bank volume.

How this connects to your project

No quantity stands alone — each material in the chain depends on the ones around it. These are the planning steps that pair with the trench calculator:

Frequently asked questions

How deep must utility trenches be?

Per code and utility: water below frost line, electric 18–24 in, gas 18–24 in — call 811 before digging.

Does trench spoil go back in?

Partially — bedding and shading around pipe use imported sand/gravel; native spoil backfills above, minus the displaced pipe volume.

Last verified: — prices reflect current national averages. See our methodology.

Estimates are for planning. Material densities, coverage rates and prices vary by region and supplier — confirm final quantities before ordering, and check local code where structural or electrical work is involved.